E-bike and e-scooter battery safety
Why lithium-ion batteries in e-bikes and e-scooters can catch fire, how to charge them safely, and what to check before buying.
E-bikes and e-scooters have become a common cause of house fires in the UK. Most fires involve the lithium-ion battery, often during charging. A few simple habits make a big difference.
Why batteries catch fire
Lithium-ion batteries store a lot of energy in a small space. If a cell is damaged, badly made or overcharged, it can overheat and set off a chain reaction known as thermal runaway. These fires spread very quickly and give off toxic smoke.
The risk is highest with cheap replacement batteries, conversion kits and chargers that do not match the battery.
Charging safely
- Use the charger that came with the bike or scooter, or an approved replacement from the manufacturer.
- Do not charge overnight or while you are out.
- Never charge in a hallway or on an escape route. If a fire starts, you need that way out.
- Unplug once it is fully charged.
- Charge on a hard, flat surface, away from anything that can burn.
- Fit smoke alarms where you store and charge the battery.
Warning signs
Stop using the battery if it gets very hot, swells, leaks, smells, hisses or crackles, or has been dropped or damaged. Do not try to repair it yourself.
Buying safely
Buy from reputable retailers and brands, and be wary of very cheap batteries and kits sold online. Check that the charger and battery are designed for each other. Register the product with the manufacturer so you hear about recalls, and check for recalls before buying second-hand.
Disposing of old batteries
Never put lithium-ion batteries in household bins. They can cause fires in bin lorries and recycling centres. Take them to a recycling point that accepts large batteries, or ask the retailer. Check the latest product recalls for e-bike and battery alerts.
More guides
- Your rights when a product is recalled
- What happens when a medicine is recalled
- Understanding allergy alerts and allergen labelling
- Recall, withdrawal or safety notice: what’s the difference?
This guide is general information, not legal or medical advice. Always follow the official notice for a specific recall. Read our editorial policy or see all guides.